3D filament is the strands of plastic wire that are fed into the 3D printer’s extruder. The extruder then melts the filament and extrudes it onto the bed to create 3D printed objects. When compared to conventional printers, the filaments basically replace the ink. Filaments are now used to create a wide range of items, including electronics, medical devices and functional parts for industrial and commercial mechanical applications. In fact, using 3D printing as a method for prototyping and custom part production is the best way to create prototypes for commercial products.

Buying filaments 3D models is a pretty straightforward process, but figuring out which brand to buy from takes some consideration, as not all of them are made the same. There are three key factors to consider when deciding on the best brand – price, filament quality and consistency of tolerance. Customer service and packaging can also make or break your choice, but not as the previously mentioned three factors. Obviously, you want the best filaments 3D options your money can buy, as that will directly affect the quality of your 3D prints. Oftentimes, the quality will be reflected in the price, and as is the case with most things in life, you get what you pay for. And in terms of tolerance, you want a filament with as low tolerance as possible.

What Are the Different Types of 3D Filament?

As 3D printing technology advances, there are more and more types of filament available for consumer use. The most popular types of plastic filament are ABS, PLA, PET, Nulon, TPU, Metal, Wood and Glow in the Dark. All of them have different properties and applications.

PLA is by far the most popular plastic filament used for 3D printing, as it’s easy to work with and it can be used to print most non-functional plastic objects, including jewellery, figurines, pencil holders, etc. PLA is biodegradable, making it an eco-friendly option. It doesn’t warp, it’s non-toxic and doesn’t release any odours when printing.

ABS is another popular filament, it’s commonly used for creating toys for kids, parts for machines and medical devices. The downside to ABS filament is that it’s difficult to work with. It’s affordable, and it features high-temperature resistance. If the hot bed isn’t hot enough, ABS can warp, so it also requires a hotter extruder temperature. Printing with ABS filament should only be done in a well-vented room, as it can release microparticles in the air.

PETG filament is as strong as ABS and as easy to use as PLA, making it one of the most promising types of 3D printing filament on the market. PETG is almost unbreakable, and it will bend instead of snapping like most plastics. It hardly warps and doesn’t release any odour when printing. Further, it bridges well and it’s one of the clearest filaments.

Nylon filament is one of the most versatile printing materials, as it’s strong and flexible when printed in thin layers, but if it’s printed thick – it’s quite stiff. That being said, it’s durable, features a low friction coefficient, high resistance to thermal influences and chemicals. However, it’s sensitive to moisture, so it’s important you keep it dry. But just like any other type of filament, there are various grades of Nylon, some higher than others, so these properties will vary on the type you end up buying.

How to Store Filament?

The ideal way to store 3D filament is in a storage bin that you can buy at large department stores, office supply stores and hardware stores. One thing to make sure when buying these storage containers is that they have air-tight lids to keep humidity out. Many people prefer to get clear bins so that they see which filament is inside without having to open it. Then, place some type of desiccant in the bin. One popular option is a porous bag of rice. Rice is great at absorbing moisture from the environment, so if you put a few cups inside a shoebox or sock inside the bin, it will absorb any humidity, keeping the filament dry. Alternatively, you can get gel packs of silica beads.

Can You Make Filament Yourself?

Yes! Almost all plastic can be recycled into filament with the help of a filament extruder, and some know-how. Once you figure out how to create filament out of plastic, you can use plastic bottles, milk jugs and other plastic items to create 3D printing filament. Furthermore, you can buy plastic pellets that cost only a fraction of the price of filament and extrude them into filament. However, filament extrusion machines aren’t cheap, and they can cost anywhere from $500 to $2000 and more. But if you intend on 3D printing a lot, then investing in one will pay itself out in the long term.

3D printers are a very cool thing to have and they are starting to drop in price which makes them accessible to almost anyone. But despite the fact that the cost of 3D printers has dropped significantly over the last couple of years, you will still need a plastic filament in order to print 3D models. This, of course, adds to the total expense. Since the price for these filaments tends to top the actual material costs, printing is kind of expensive and could become a problem for the development of the ever-growing 3D printer community. That being said, there are many reasons why one should consider making their own filaments instead or buying.

Making your own 3D printing filament can be a cost-saving alternative, as it cuts out expensive purchases. The filament is the spooled plastic material that gets extruded into a 3D object. There is a wide array of options with the PLA plastic being the go-to 3D filament for most printers. That’s because it’s easy to print and it’s the least expensive filament. At this point in time, a typical roll of filament costs at least $15–$ 20 for 1 kg. Special filament famous brands make could cost even more, over $600.

Also, although in the past, a typical vendor of 3D material would usually offer PLA or ABS, today there are more choices than ever before. Nowadays, a visit to almost any reputable 3D printer filament vendor shows a number of different materials, well beyond PLA and ABS. You can find PC, Nylon, ASA, PEEK, ULTEM, PP and filaments that have been reinforced with glass, brass, fibre and many other substances. The reason for this shift is that professionals that use 3D printing need different materials in order to make 3D objects. And although the choice is wider than before, you still might not be able to find the exact material you plan to use in production. But once you start making your own filament,you can experiment with your own thermoplastic combinations. You can make filaments that no one else has and hopefully make material that can match your requirements without having to commit to a large order.

Apart from the cost of the 3D printing materials, with all the different manufacturers out there to pick from, choosing the right filament brand can be tricky. Many filaments won’t properly extrude and you could end up with low-quality prints (this usually happens with cheap China made filaments, where there is a lack of quality control). Low-quality filaments may contain voids which are tiny bubbles made during the manufacturing process. These can create pockets of air within the filament that can reduce the quality of the print by leaving voids on the surface. When you are making a filament on your own, you can produce a 3D printing material that’s good enough to use without a lot of frustration.

Another reason why one should consider the option of making their own printing material is the lack of easy access to a good supply of filaments. This is usually for those users of 3D printing that are settled in more remote areas. Next, busy professionals and industrial users that produce lots of waste in the form of supports, tests, prototypes and failed prints can gain a lot from re-purposing this waste into usable filament. A small home workshop might not produce much waste so it will take a while to build up a batch. While these could face some challenges when home recycling, for busy professionals, recycling their own waste sure makes sense.

These are the main reasons why many brands among which filabot have developed machines that can turn waste plastic pellets into filament for printing 3D objects. These are easy to use and are meant for anyone from home-users to NASA. In fact, the whole point of the filabot system is to shrink down industrial hardware in order to make it usable on a very small scale. The filabot systems for filament extrusion are a cost-saving alternative for all of your 3D printing needs because as already mentioned, it can cut down expensive purchases and deliver ready-made filament to your own needs. You can produce your own filament in a desktop office environment and you’re not stuck buying pre-made filament from bulk supplies.

The set is made from three different components that can be connected in harmony. This system consists of an extruder that allows for enhanced mixing, melting and filament output, an airpath that uses forced convection to cool filament as it is being extruded, and spooler that allows easy rolling of the extruded filament. The whole system is capable of producing filament with diameter tolerances of +/- 0.05mm at up to 4.5kg/hour.